Dr. Yasmin Calmet

As Brazil again assumes the presidency of UN Security Council (UNSC), it finds itself once more in the world’s spotlight. Brazil’s second presidential term this biennium began on 1 October 2023 and will continue until the end of the month; its first term was during July 2022. Brazil is one of the most active countries among non-permanent members of the UNSC and has stepped into the role during a time of war and revolution amidst increasing criticism of the UNSC as an institution. This will be a great opportunity for Brazil, which is already recognized worldwide as a mediator and for its good neighbor policies.

What Will Brazil Try to Achieve Through its UNSC Presidency?

Renewed Opportunity:

Latin America has traditionally been seen as a welcoming region for migrants with relatively low rates of xenophobia. However, in recent years tensions around Venezuelan immigration have risen. This xenophobia might be driven by stereotypes about migrants as a security threat. The large-scale migration of Venezuelans since 2015, in the wake of their country’s political-economic crisis, has allegedly created significant challenges for other Latin American countries. It is estimated that more than 6 million people migrated to Latin America in 2022, which has created political, social, and economic issues. This is especially true for countries such as Colombia, Peru, and Brazil, which have received larger numbers of Venezuelans.

What’s Driving Anti-Migrant Tensions in Latin America?

Rising Xenophobia:

Salvadoran President Nayib Bukele’s Territorial Control Plan has sparked political debate among Latin American countries and human rights organizations about the regional feasibility and potential limitations of El Salvador’s approach to consolidating security and the rule of law.

Can Bukele’s Security Plan Be Replicated Across Latin America?

Uprooting Homicide:

The BRICS (Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa) bloc is composed of emerging markets with major potential for industrial and economic growth which have cast themselves as an alternative to the G7. Since a four-country BRIC was first established in the early 2000s, the bloc has sought to improve their visibility to attract external investment to strengthen their economies. For example, BRICS has launched the New Development Bank (NDB) as an alternative to the IMF and World Bank.

Can the BRICS become a Competitor of the G7 Trade Hegemony?

A Challenging Power:

After years of strained diplomatic relations, Brazil and the United States are seeking to strengthen their alliance, with a focus on promoting democracy, combatting climate change, addressing the Russian-Ukrainian war, and expanding bilateral trade. This renewed partnership marks a significant step towards restoring Brazil’s position as a key international political mediator and underscores the importance of cooperation between nations in addressing global challenges. In this article, we will explore the key issues discussed during the recent meeting between Brazilian President Lula and US President Biden, and the potential impact of this renewed alliance on both countries and the wider international community.

Lula and Biden’s Partnership Enhance Brazil’s Role as Global Player

Renewed Alliance:

In January of this year, Brazil rejoined CELAC (the Community of Latin American and Caribbean States) with hopes of reestablishing political, social, and economic ties with other countries in the region.

Understanding Brazil’s Return to CELAC

Regional Re-engagement:

Peru is reeling in the midst of a political crisis as its democratic system is rocked by both peaceful and violent demonstrations. These protests shed light on the political polarization and social rifts within Peruvian society.

How Peru’s Demonstrations Reflect the Country’s Failing System of Governance

Political Instability:

The current Latin American political situation is too complex to discuss fully in a single article. However, we might begin by highlighting the political and social complexity that exists in both Peru and Brazil, which have struggled to establish democratic societies.

How Can the Recent Protests in Peru and Brazil Erode Democracy?

Violent Unrest:

On 1 January, 2023, Brazil welcomed its new President Luis Inácio Lula da Silva, who faces four years of challenges ahead. He will have to get the country’s economy in order and strengthen a democracy that has been undermined by Bolsonaro’s authoritarian ideology.

Dr. Yasmin Calmet

Dr. Yasmin Calmet

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